What are comets made of? Comets are amalgamations of varying quantities of water and carbon dioxide ices, rock, dust, and various trace molecules -- including the sodium seen flaring out of Hale-Bopp in 1997. These "dirty snowballs" are interlopers from the farthest reaches of our solar system, and are believed to represent the last vestiges of the vast interstellar gas cloud from which our solar system formed.
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